Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 34: Summary of North Carolina Laws

Author's Note:

Yes lads & gent's, that's right, posting in the middle of the week (-: I start winter break today, which means no work & no school for a few weeks, so I've got more time to really get this rolling. Expect a lot more updates over the next few days.

Also, with some states having some rather unique laws affecting non-monogamists, I've added a new section to my reviews. 'Other Related Laws'.

Enjoy!

- Jason

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Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 34: Summary of North Carolina Laws

Adultery:

North Carolina contains both adultery and fornication laws (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011g). The laws affect both parties, and are liable as a class 2 misdemeanor (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011g), punishable by up to 30 days imprisonment and a fine up to $1,000 (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011k). Escalating punishments are applicable, with imprisonment extended up to 45 days for repeat offences up to the 4th repeat, and up to 60 days beyond that (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011k).

Unfortunately North Carolina law isn’t clear how all Inchoate laws apply, but both Solicitation and Attempt seem to apply at the class 3 misdemeanor level (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011b; North Carolina State Legislature, 2011c), punishable by up to 10 days, escalating to 15 and 20 days for repeats (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011k). Conspiracy doesn’t apply as adultery/fornication isn’t a felony (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011a). Though there are accessory laws, like with conspiracy, they don’t apply to adultery/fornication due to it not being a felony (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011d; North Carolina State Legislature, 2011e).

Bigamy:

Fortunately North Carolina bigamy law contains no purportation or cohabitation clause, however it is very specific to include any person “counseling, aiding or abetting” in a bigamous marriage within its liability (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011f). Bigamy is a class I felony (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011f), punishable by 4-6 months imprisonment, and an indeterminate fine (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011j). Escalation can extend imprisonment up to a maximum of 8-10 months for repeat offence (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011j).

Inchoate offences for bigamy apply in full, with conspiracy and attempt punishable at a class 1 misdemeanor level (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011a; (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011b), 1-45 days & indeterminate fine, escalation up to a max of 1-120 days for repeat (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011k), and solicitation at a class 2 misdemeanor level (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011c), 1-30 days, $1,000 fine, escalation up to 1-60 days for repeat (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011k). Accessory charges also apply, with before the fact being punishable at the same level (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011d), and after the fact being at the class 2 misdemeanor level (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011e).

Other Related Laws:

North Carolina also contains a law against men and women sharing a bedroom in a “hotel, public inn or boardinghouse for any immoral purpose.” (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011h) What defines immoral is indeterminate, however it can be assumed to extend the liability of adultery laws affecting non-monogamists. Additionally within the same law is a provision criminalizing the parties representing themselves as husband and wife, incorrectly, at the same locations (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011h). Punishment is at the class 2 misdemeanor level (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011h), and is the same as adultery/fornication.

Additionally there’s a law against “keeping a disorderly” or “bawdy” house (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011i), which is exceptionally vague. However the evidence that can be brought forth includes “general reputation or character” as well as “lewd, dissolute and boisterous conversation.” (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011i) This could be extended to non-dyadic households. Liability is at the class 2 misdemeanor level (North Carolina State Legislature, 2011i), same as adultery/fornication, however it is unclear if the homeowner or the resident is liable.

Round-Up of Laws:

With the adultery and fornication laws, even being unmarried doesn’t escape liability. The extensive inchoate laws also expand liability quite extensively through social networks, especially of polyamorous families. The addition of the sharing bedroom, married representation and disorderly house laws also expand liability, especially for non-dyadic non-monogamists who are most likely to face these laws. Thankfully there is no purportation or cohabitation clause in bigamy, sparing non-dyadic non-monogamous families the worst of bigamy liability.

Non-Monogamous Strategies:

Though there is no way to completely avoid liability, it can be minimized through not using inns, motels, etc with one’s partner(s), thus avoiding the room sharing and false representation laws. The disorderly/bawdy house law seems to be based on public reputation, so non-monogamists need to take extra care in how their public image is portrayed to avoid liability under this law.

References

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011a). Punishment for conspiracy to commit a felony. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-2.4). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011b). Punishment for attempt to commit a felony or misdemeanor. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-2.5). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011c). Punishment for solicitation to commit a felony or misdemeanor. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-2.6). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011d). Accessory before fact punishable as principal felon. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-5.2). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011e). Accessories after the fact; trial and punishment. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-7). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011f). Bigamy. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-183). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011g). Fornication and adultery. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-184). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011h). Opposite sexes occupying same bedroom at hotel for immoral purposes; falsely registering as husband and wife. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-186). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011i). Certain evidence relative to keepind disorderly houses admissible; keepers of such houses defined; punishment. (North Carolina General Statutes 14-188). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011j). Punishment limits for each class of offence and prior record level. (North Carolina General Statutes 15A-1340.17). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

North Carolina State Legislature. (2011k). Punishment limits for each class of offence and prior conviction level. (North Carolina General Statutes 15A-1340.23). Raleigh, NC: North Carolina State Legislature.

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 33: Summary of New York Laws

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 33: Summary of New York Laws

Adultery:

Though New York doesn’t have a fornication law, New York’s adultery law is applicable to both parties (New York State Legislature, 2011n). Adultery is considered a class B misdemeanor (New York State Legislature, 2011n) and punishable by up to 3 months imprisonment (New York State Legislature, 2011c) and a fine of up to $500 (New York State Legislature, 2011e). Escalating punishments for repeat offences cannot be identified, but inchoate laws apply, including attempt, conspiracy and solicitation (New York State Legislature, 2011f; New York State Legislature, 2011h; New York State Legislature, 2011j). Though New York has a criminal facilitation law, it only applies to felonies so is not applicable to adultery (New York State Legislature, 2011l). Punishment for attempt and conspiracy for adultery is at the same level as adultery (New York State Legislature, 2011h; New York State Legislature, 2011k). Punishment for solicitation is as a violation (New York State Legislature, 2011f), punishable by up to 15 days of imprisonment (New York State Legislature, 2011c) and a fine of up to $250 (New York State Legislature, 2011e). Additionally there is criminal liability, which takes effect when “acting…for the commission thereof, he solicits, requests, commands, importunes, or intentionally aides.” The liability is equal to adultery for criminal liability (New York State Legislature, 2011a).

Bigamy:

Bigamy in New York possesses a purportation clause, and affects both marryer and marryee (New York State Legislature, 2011m). Bigamy is a class E felony (New York State Legislature, 2011m), punishable by up to 4 years imprisonment (New York State Legislature, 2011b) and a fine of up to $5,000 (New York State Legislature, 2011d). Escalating punishment for repeat offence cannot be identified. Inchoate laws apply in full, including facilitation as bigamy is a felony (New York State Legislature, 2011g; New York State Legislature, 2011i; New York State Legislature, 2011j; New York State Legislature, 2011l). All inchoate offences for bigamy are considered to be a class A misdemeanor (New York State Legislature, 2011g; New York State Legislature, 2011i; New York State Legislature, 2011k; New York State Legislature, 2011l), punishable by up to 1 year imprisonment (New York State Legislature, 2011c), and a fine up to $1,000 (New York State Legislature, 2011e). Criminal liability also applies, at the same level as bigamy (New York State Legislature, 2011a).

Round-Up of Laws:

Due to the combination of adultery and purportation bigamy laws, non-monogamists are affected by the highest degree of general liability. A very large range of inchoate offences apply, so the entire family is culpable, as well as an expanded network outside of the family. Because of the lack of a fornication law, the lack of a marriage will negate all liability within the family.

Non-Monogamous Strategies:

Though New York laws are rather clear-cut, the purportation clause can be moderated by non-dyadic non-monogamists by maintaining a great deal of care over the public image of the family. Additionally, the lack of a legal marriage within the family will effectively eliminate the liability, and may be a viable option for some non-monogamous families.

References

New York State Legislature. (2011a). Criminal liability. (New York Consolidated Laws 20.00). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011b). Sentence of imprisonment for felony. (New York Consolidated Laws 70.00). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011c). Sentence of imprisonment for misdemeanors and violations. (New York Consolidated Laws 70.15). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011d). Fine for felony. (New York Consolidated Laws 80.00). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011e). Fines for misdemeanors and violations. (New York Consolidated Laws 80.05). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011f). Criminal solicitation in the fifth degree. (New York Consolidated Laws 100.00). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011g). Criminal solicitation in the fourth degree. (New York Consolidated Laws 100.05). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011h). Conspiracy in the sixth degree. (New York Consolidated Laws 105.00). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011i). Conspiracy in the fifth degree. (New York Consolidated Laws 105.05). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011j). Attempt to commit a crime. (New York Consolidated Laws 110.00). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011k). Attempt to commit a crime; punishment. (New York Consolidated Laws 110.05). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011l). Criminal facilitation in the fourth degree. (New York Consolidated Laws 115.00). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011m). Bigamy. (New York Consolidated Laws 255.15). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

New York State Legislature. (2011n). Adultery. (New York Consolidated Laws 255.17). Albany, NY: New York State Legislature.

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 32: Summary of New Mexico Laws

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 32: Summary of New Mexico Laws

Adultery:

New Mexico possesses no adultery or fornication laws, limiting liability for non-monogamists.

Bigamy:

New Mexico Bigamy possesses no cohabitation or purportation clause, though it does extend liability to both marryer and marryee (New Mexico State Legislature, 2011b). Bigamy is considered to be a fourth degree felony (New Mexico State Legislature, 2011b), punishable by 18 months of imprisonment and a fine up to $5,000 (New Mexico State Legislature, 2011f). The punishment for repeat offence is an additional year of imprisonment (New Mexico State Legislature, 2011g).

Inchoate offences apply with attempt, conspiracy and solicitation, with conspiracy and solicitation punishable at the same level as Bigamy, a fourth degree felony (New Mexico State Legislature, 2011d; New Mexico State Legislature, 2011e). Attempt is punishable as a misdemeanor (New Mexico State Legislature, 2011c), with imprisonment of up to “less than one year,” and a fine of up to $1,000 (New Mexico State Legislature, 2011h). Additionally, a person can be an accessory to bigamy if they “procures, counsels, aids or abets in its commission,” which is liable at the same punishment as bigamy (New Mexico State Legislature, 2011a).

Round-Up of Laws:

With the absence of adultery and the lack of cohabitation and purportation in bigamy, liability for non-monogamists is limited to actually possessing a bigamous marriage. In the event of having such a marriage the liability is broad due to inchoate laws.

Non-Monogamous Strategies:

Because of the limited liability for non-monogamists, simply not having a bigamous marriage can effectively eliminate liability in New Mexico.

References

New Mexico State Legislature. (2011a). Accessory. (New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978 30-1-13). Santa Fe, NM: New Mexico State Legislature.

New Mexico State Legislature. (2011b). Bigamy. (New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978 30-10-1). Santa Fe, NM: New Mexico State Legislature.

New Mexico State Legislature. (2011c). Attempt to commit a felony. (New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978 30-28-1). Santa Fe, NM: New Mexico State Legislature.

New Mexico State Legislature. (2011d). Conspiracy. (New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978 30-28-2). Santa Fe, NM: New Mexico State Legislature.

New Mexico State Legislature. (2011e). Criminal solicitation; penlty. (New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978 30-28-3). Santa Fe, NM: New Mexico State Legislature.

New Mexico State Legislature. (2011f). Sentencing authority; noncapital felonies; basic sentences and fines; parole authority; meritorious deductions. (New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978 31-18-15). Santa Fe, NM: New Mexico State Legislature.

New Mexico State Legislature. (2011g). Habitual offenders; alteration of basic sentence. (New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978 31-18-17). Santa Fe, NM: New Mexico State Legislature.

New Mexico State Legislature. (2011h). Sentencing authority; misdemeanors; imprisonment and fines; probation. (New Mexico Statutes Annotated 1978 31-19-1). Santa Fe, NM: New Mexico State Legislature.

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 31: Summary of New Jersey Laws

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 31: Summary of New Jersey Laws

Adultery:

New Jersey has no adultery law, limiting liability to non-dyadic non-monogamists. There also does not appear to be a fornication law.

Bigamy:

New Jersey has a purportation clause in bigamy, and extends liability to both the marryer and marryee (New Jersey State Legislature, 2011d). Bigamy is considered to be a disorderly persons offence (New Jersey State Legislature, 2011d), and is punishable by up to 6 months imprisonment (New Jersey State Legislature, 2011f) and a fine of up to $1,000 (New Jersey State Legislature, 2011e). Inchoate attempt and conspiracy apply at the same level of liability that bigamy has (New Jersey State Legislature, 2011a; New Jersey State Legislature, 2011b; New Jersey State Legislature, 2011c). There does not appear to be repeat offences escalation for bigamy.

Round-Up of Laws:

With the absence of adultery laws, most dyadic non-monogamists have little liability. Non-dyadics do have a great deal of liability due to purportation as a part of New Jersey bigamy laws. Inchoate offences expand that liability to cover outside of the family as well.

Non-Monogamous Strategies:

With purportation in bigamy laws, non-dyadic non-monogamists can limit liability by practicing careful public image control. Avoidance of any multi-partner ceremony is recommended as well. This would limit liability immensely. Since no fornication law exists, not getting married at all can effectively eliminate such liability, even though the purportation clause is an ever-looming danger.

References

New Jersey State Legislature. (2011a). Criminal Attempt. (New Jersey Permanent Statutes 2C:5-1). Trenton, NJ: New Jersey State Legislature.

New Jersey State Legislature. (2011b). Conspiracy. (New Jersey Permanent Statutes 2C:5-2). Trenton, NJ: New Jersey State Legislature.

New Jersey State Legislature. (2011c). Grading of criminal attempt and conspiracy; mitigation in case of lesser degree. (New Jersey Permanent Statutes 2C:5-4). Trenton, NJ: New Jersey State Legislature.

New Jersey State Legislature. (2011d). Bigamy. (New Jersey Permanent Statutes 2C:24-1). Trenton, NJ: New Jersey State Legislature.

New Jersey State Legislature. (2011e). Fines and restitution. (New Jersey Permanent Statutes 2C:43-3). Trenton, NJ: New Jersey State Legislature.

New Jersey State Legislature. (2011f). Sentence of imprisonment for disorderly persons offences and petty disorderly persons offences. (New Jersey Permanent Statutes 2C:43-8). Trenton, NJ: New Jersey State Legislature.

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 30: Summary of New Hampshire Laws

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 30: Summary of New Hampshire Laws

Adultery:

Adultery is applicable to both parties, at the level of a class B misdemeanor (New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011e), punishable by a fine of up to $1,200, however no imprisonment (New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011f). Escalating punishment for repeat offences appears to not apply. Full inchoate laws apply, attempt, solicitation and conspiracy, and are punishable at the same level. New Hampshire appears to not have a fornication law (New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011a; New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011b; New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011c).

Bigamy:

Bigamy is only applicable to the marryer, and not the marryee (New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011d). There are no cohabitation and/or purportation clauses in bigamy (New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011d). Punishment is at the level of a class B felony (New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011d), with up to 7 years imprisonment and a fine of up to $4,000 (New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011f). Escalating punishment for repeat offences appears to not apply, however inchoate does with attempt, solicitation and conspiracy, liable at the same level as bigamy (New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011a; New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011b; New Hampshire State Legislature, 2011c).

Round–Up of Laws:

The combination of adultery and bigamy laws creates liability for both dyadic and non-dyadic non-monogamous families. The lack of laws against fornication does eliminate liability for families that do not possess a legal marriage. Inchoate laws do provide expanded liability for all individuals within the family, and potentially outside of the family.

Non-Monogamous Strategies:

Since New Hampshire’s laws are so straight-forward about adultery and bigamy, there is little that can be done to avoid liability, excepting to not possess a legal marriage.

References

New Hampshire State Legislature. (2011a). Attempt. (New Hampshire Revised Statutes 629:1). Concord, NH: New Hampshire State Legislature.

New Hampshire State Legislature. (2011b). Criminal Solicitation. (New Hampshire Revised Statutes 629:2). Concord, NH: New Hampshire State Legislature.

New Hampshire State Legislature. (2011c). Conspiracy. (New Hampshire Revised Statutes 629:3). Concord, NH: New Hampshire State Legislature.

New Hampshire State Legislature. (2011d). Bigamy. (New Hampshire Revised Statutes 639:1). Concord, NH: New Hampshire State Legislature.

New Hampshire State Legislature. (2011e). Adultery. (New Hampshire Revised Statutes 645:3). Concord, NH: New Hampshire State Legislature.

New Hampshire State Legislature. (2011f). Sentences and Limitations. (New Hampshire Revised Statutes 651:2). Concord, NH: New Hampshire State Legislature.

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 29: Summary of Nevada Laws

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 29: Summary of Nevada Laws

Adultery:

Nevada’s lack of adultery and fornication laws seriously eases liability for all non-monogamists.

Bigamy:

Nevada bigamy law doesn’t possess cohabitation or purportation clauses, but is applicable to both marryer and marryee (Nevada State Legislature, 2011e; Nevada State Legislature, 2011f). Bigamy is considered a class D felony (Nevada State Legislature, 2011e), punishable by imprisonment of 1 to 4 years, and a fine up to $5,000 (Nevada State Legislature, 2011a). Escalating punishment for repeat offence does apply. With the second offence being punishable by 5 to 20 years imprisonment, and the third being 25 years to life (Nevada State Legislature, 2011g).

Inchoate laws apply in the form of principals and accessories, which covers a similar liability spectrum as conspiracy and solicitation (Nevada State Legislature, 2011b; Nevada State Legislature, 2011c). Inchoate punishment is at a higher level than regular bigamy, a class C felony, punishable by 1 to 5 years imprisonment and a fine up to $10,000 (Nevada State Legislature, 2011d).

Summary of Laws:

The liability for non-monogamists in Nevada is extremely limited due to the lack of adultery/fornication and bigamy having no purportation/cohabitation clause. The only liability exists within an actual bigamous marriage in the non-monogamous family.

Non-Monogamous Strategies:

Because liability is limited to actual bigamous marriages, avoidance of actually marrying more than one person at a time (or marrying someone who’s married to such), will effectively eliminate liability under Nevada’s criminal laws.

References

Nevada State Legislature. (2011a). Categories and punishment of felonies. (Nevada Revised Statutes 193.130). Carson City, NV: Nevada State Legislature.

Nevada State Legislature. (2011b). Principals. (Nevada Revised Statutes 195.020). Carson City, NV: Nevada State Legislature.

Nevada State Legislature. (2011c). Accessories. (Nevada Revised Statutes 195.030). Carson City, NV: Nevada State Legislature.

Nevada State Legislature. (2011d). Trial and punishment of accessories. (Nevada Revised Statutes 195.040). Carson City, NV: Nevada State Legislature.

Nevada State Legislature. (2011e). Bigamy: Definitions; penalty. (Nevada Revised Statutes 201.160). Carson City, NV: Nevada State Legislature.

Nevada State Legislature. (2011f). Marrying person already married; penalty. (Nevada Revised Statutes 201.170). Carson City, NV: Nevada State Legislature.

Nevada State Legislature. (2011g). Habitual criminals: Definitions; punishment. (Nevada Revised Statutes 207.010). Carson City, NV: Nevada State Legislature.

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 28: Summary of Nebraska Laws

Non-Monogamous Families and the Law, Part 28: Summary of Nebraska Laws

Adultery:

Nebraska lacks adultery and fornication laws. Liability for dyadic non-monogamists is reduced immensely because of this, and liability for non-dyadics is lessened.

Bigamy:

Bigamy is Nebraska contains no purportation of cohabitation clause (Nebraska State Legislature, 2011h). Liability is extended to both marryer and marryee, with Bigamy considered a class I misdemeanor (Nebraska State Legislature, 2011h), punishable by up to 1 year imprisonment and a fine up to $1,000 (Nebraska State Legislature, 2011a).Esclating punishment doesn’t apply as bigamy isn’t a felony (Nebraska State Legislature, 2011i).

Though Nebraska has a slew of inchoate charges, not all of them apply. Most, including conspiracy, are only applicable to felonies (Nebraska State Legislature, 2011c; Nebraska State Legislature, 2011d; Nebraska State Legislature, 2011e; Nebraska State Legislature, 2011g). The two that are applicable are aiding & abetting and attempt (Nebraska State Legislature, 2011b; Nebraska State Legislature, 2011f). Aiding and abetting’s liability is the same as bigamy (Nebraska State Legislature, 2011f), and attempt applies at a class II misdemeanor, punishable by up to 6 months imprisonment and a fine up to $1,000 (Nebraska State Legislature, 2011b).

Summary of Laws:

The absence of adultery/fornication and a bigamy law without purportation/cohabitation seriously eases liability for all non-monogamists, creating liability only with the existence of a bigamous marriage. The lack of extensive inchoate liability and escalating punishment liability also eases overall liability.

Non-Monogamous Strategies:

Since the only liability that non-monogamous families posess in Nebraska is from the lax bigamy law, the only strategy is to avoid having a bigamous marriage. In doing so, liability in Nebraska is avoided.

References

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011a). Misdemeanors; classification of penalties; sentences; where served. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 28-106). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011b). Criminal attempt; conduct; penalties. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 28-201). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011c). Conspiracy; defined; penalty. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 28-202). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011d). Accessory to felony; defined; penalties. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 28-204). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011e). Aiding consummation of felony; penalty. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 28-205). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011f). Prosecuting for aiding and abetting. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 28-206). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011g). Compounding a felony; defined; penalty. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 28-301). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011h). Bigamy; penalty; exception. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 28-701). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.

Nebraska State Legislature. (2011i). Habitual criminal, defined; procedure for determination; hearing; penalties; effect of pardon. (Nebraska Revised Statutes 29-2221). Lincoln, NE: Nebraska State Legislature.